Foreword

Abstract

As scientists around the globe gear up for the upcoming International Polar Year (2007–2008), it might be good to take a look back. The First IPY took place as early as 1882–1883, at a time when activity in the Arctic and Antarctic was focused mainly on exploration. But all that was about to change. Indeed, one of the guiding principles for the First IPY was that in polar regions, scientific research rather than exploration should be foremost. Among the achievements of that year was the establishment of several research stations, some of which are still in use.